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Zito Vardar
Work unit Fodder Factory
The fodder factory Gradsko ZITO VARDAR AD exists since 1963 and
is the first one of this type in Macedonia. Many reconstructions
and expansions happened through its existence, so today we have
a completely automated and controlled process, which provides high
level of quality safety.
Our products satisfy the usual and enlarged needs for: proteins,
amino acids, energy, vitamins and minerals, stimulate the growth
and productiveness, which totally enlarge the economical breed of
home animals. If the abovementioned ingredients are absent from
the fodder for a long time, the body suffers some changes as a result
of which appears nutritious diseases, respectively reduced production
of animals.
However, the professional service of ZITO VARDAR AD takes cares
for:
- a successful, regular development and growth of your animals,
- an enlarged production of meat, eggs, milk,
- a regular reproduction,
- a regular nutrition during the gravidity.
Main principles for making fodder compounds
A fodder compound is a product made by mixture of components and
allowed additions in a relation to serve as a complete or additional
food for home animals.
This combination's purpose is to balance the relation in the food
compound and to cover up the deficiency of every day's nutrition.
In that way, the animals provide maximum production of meat, wool
and eggs, with the best economic effects.
During the first few years of the production, the compounds were
very simple with only several components, which means that the compounds
for all kinds of animals were very similar.
As a result of such nutrition, appeared an unsatisfying level of
production. However, the development of science determined the correct
need of proteins, energy, amino acids, vitamins and minerals, so
therefore new components and new technology of compound production
were used, in order to provide the best possible production.
The fodder components should have granule metric structure, should
be regularly mixed in the compound, so that each unit should have
an equal relation of the components in the whole fodder compound.
Each manufacturer is obliged to declare its fodder compound in
accordance to the existing rules and regulations, respectively to
show the analytic structure thereof. He is not obliged to show the
nutritious percentage, for it is a principle of half closed formula.
Selection of fodder compounds:
- Complete fodder compounds - serve to satisfy the needs of poultry
with all nutritious ingredients. It is a completely balanced food
for every type and category of animals. Other components are added
in it.
- Additional fodder compounds - protein compounds or protein-mineral-vitamin
compounds to which energy components are added ( a grain of barley,
corn, wheat in a determined relation).
- Pre-compounds - made of vitamins and minerals, added to the
complete and additional compounds.
Technological procedures in the production
- A cleaning of raw materials is performed by rotational cleaners
and aspirators, under which the paper, hemp and other admixtures,
which cannot be eliminated by a magnet, are separated from the
material. There is a magnet on the hammers, which takes up all
metal objects, if any.
- The mill of raw materials is performed with mill hammers with
different capacity per time unit. The mills have knives and sieves,
which provide different levels of grinding, as a condition for
regular mixture. The milled raw material is transported mechanically
or pneumatically to the hanging cells connected to the ember balance.
- Measuring - it is a precise technological procedure of dozing
each component separately, in accordance to the given recipe.
The procedure is controlled by a processional and personal computer,
and the human factor is completely excluded.
- Mixture - it's a time-determined operation maintained with
mixers of different capacities and work principle. There exist
many types of mixers: vertical, horizontal and mixer with a spinning
chamber while the spiral stands still. The factory in Gradsko
uses a 2 tons mixer, counter powered and completely automatic.
- Addition of liquid components - merged pig fat, raw oil (cooking
oil), fat acids, salmocids, micoinhibitors, methionin and holin
in liquid. The dosing is completely automatic.
- Pellitory - a procedure following the mixture. The pellets radius
is 2-20 millimeters. The purpose is food pasteurization, less
waste and better exploitation thereof. There are several pellets
in Macedonia, but they are out of order.
- Extrusion and expansion - technological procedures performed
by expensive machines. It is a higher level of food preparation,
bringing the food to a level of larger exploitation by the animals.
Those are very expensive machines, not available in Macedonia.
Otherwise, the food for dogs, cats and fish is prepared in this
manner. It's eligible for pre-starter and starter foods to be
prepared with expansion.
- The Food transport is in refuse or in bags. Special trucks
to the farms with bin-cyclones perform the supply. The smaller
farms use the food in bags, which is relatively more expensive
because of the bag price while packing.
Selection of fodder compounds according to the animals' type and
category
- Fodder compound for pig nutrition
- P-1 - pre-starter, used immediately after the deduction
of 7 to 14 days
- P-2 - starter - transitive; used 7 to 10 days after P-1
- P-2 - starter; used after P-2 transitive to 15 kg live weight
- P-3 - Grover from 15 to 25 kg
- ST-1 breeding compound to 60 kg
- ST-2 breeding compound from 60 to 100 kg
- Fodder compound for mother-pigs
- Fodder compounds for pig swine
- Fodder compound for ox nutrition
- Fodder compound for poultry nutrition
- Fodder compound for sheep nutrition
- Fodder compound made under production specification
(additional compounds - super mixes)
- Pre-compounds and pre-mixes
There are codes stipulated by the law for preparation of these
compounds, which should not be compromised. For the components'
structure exist special tables from different scientific institutions.
Each component, before its usage, undergoes chemical, bacteriological
and microbiological analysis.
Occasionally, the prepared food is examined in the same way.
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